New publication by Zijun Wang et al. on ACS Nano

Shearmetry of Fluids with Tuneable Rheology by Polarized Luminescence of Rare Earth-Doped Nanorods

Abstract: Shear stress plays a critical role in regulating physiological processes within microcirculatory systems. While particle imaging velocimetry is a standard technique for quantifying shear flow, uncertainty near boundaries and low resolution remain severe restrictions. Additionally, shear stress determination is particularly challenging in biofluids due to their significant non-Newtonian behaviors. The present study develops a novel shearmetry technique in physiological settings using a biomimetic fluid containing rare earth-doped luminescent nanorods acting as two roles. Firstly, they are used as colloidal additives adjusting rheological properties in physiological media. Their anisotropic morphology and interparticle interaction synergistically induce non-Newtonian shear-thinning effect emulating real biofluids. Secondly, they can probe shear stress due to the shear induced alignment. The polarized luminescence of the nanorods allows for quantifying their orientational order parameter and thus correlated shear stress. Using scanning confocal microscopy, we demonstrate tomographic mapping of the shear stress distribution in microfluidics. High shear stress is evident near the constriction and the cellular periphery, in which non-Newtonian effects can have a significant impact. This emerging shearmetry technique is promising for implementation into physiological and rheological environments of biofluids.